wilhelm wundt: 1879. psychology's first experiment, birth of a science. established first psychology lab. INTROSPECTION.
edward tichener
structuralism: wundt, titchener, hall. (founders) used introspection to explore the structured elements of the mind. break down mental process into the most basic parts.
STRUCTURALISM IS NOT USED ANYMORE BECAUSE FAULTY
functionalism: reaction to structuralism. sought to explain how our mental and behavior process functions. how do they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish? focused on purpose of behavior.
WILLIAM JAMES STARTED FUNCTIONALISM.
7 perspectives:
biological: seek understand interaction between anatomy and behavior.
behavioral: argue that psychology is study of observatory behavior. behavior is determined by environment and experience not genetics. feeling doesn't matter. everything is trained and learned, nothing is born. KEY PEOPLE: WATSON, SKINNER, PAVLOV
cognitive: thinking. KEY PERSON: JEAN PIAGET
evolutionary: how adaptive behaviors is to our survival. inherit the behavior. NATURAL SELECTION. KEY PERSON: CHARLES DARWIN
humanistic: free will, love, acceptance, positive human nature. KEY PEOPLE: ABRAHAM MASLOW & CARL ROGERS
socialculture: much of behavior and your feelings are dictated by culture you live in .
psychoanalytical/psychodynamic: interaction between the conscious and the unconscious (mental process that we do not normally have access to, but we are influenced by) shape behavior. stress importance of childhood experience and development of personality.
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